AFRICA
The Pyramid
Egyptian pyramids were elaborate tombs, in which the Pharaohs were buried, with treasures and all their earthly needs for their journey in the after-life and ascendance to their place in heaven.
The small pyramid in this garden, represents the largest of the three pyramids at Gizeh, that of Pharaoh Khufu, who is also known as Cheops. The real structure in Egypt covers 13 acres, about 3 times more land than the approximately 4 acres on which the entire garden grounds and lake now stand. The Sphinx (from the Egyptian shesep ankh 'living image') guards the Pharaoh's remains.
The Sphinx
The Sphinx is a statue with the head of a person and the body of a lion, sitting between the pyramids of Pharaoh Khetre (also known as Chepren) -and Pharaoh Cheops. Legend has it that it has a charm or curse to ward off evil and protect good. Whatever the truth about the Sphinx, looters long age managed to raid the pyramid and steal the wealth buried with the Pharaoh.
The Relief
The title Pharaoh was taken by all the rulers of ancient Egypt. In the relief, Pharaoh Rameses II is shown defeating his enemies, the Hittites, at Kesh, from a battle believed to have occurred at a place now in modern day Syria.
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Object d’Art
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Historical Date
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Cross-Related Dates and Events
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Comments Related to Objects
d'Art
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PYRAMID/SPHINX
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-3000 to –2501
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· Egypt’s
introduction of 365 day calendar
· Cuneiform
and Egyptian hieroglyphs emerge
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· Cheops’s
Pyramid and the Sphinx at Gizeh are built
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RAMESES II
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-1350 to -1200
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Olmec, as first major Mesoamerican civilization, emerges in
Mexico
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Accession of Rameses II as Pharaoh in –1279
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Battle of the Hittites at Kadesh, circa –1275/4, in the 4th
or 5th year of Rameses' rule
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